管材的冲切加工

此文系统介绍了管材冲切加工的工艺及模具设计,对常用圆断面管材的各种冲切工艺,如端口平面冲切、型面冲切等进行了探讨;分析了管材冲切加工中存在的主要问题;就如何提高冲切质量提出了行之有效的解决办法。     

关于植物化学生态信息的开发与利用

植物的化学信息，早已被人们所关注和利用，目前，该研究已成为生态学和化学生态学中最活跃，最能为社会与生产服务的领域之一，生态系统中的物质流和能量流是资源，而生态学的信息则是更具开发，利用前景的资源。     

用线性分配法评价重庆主城区排水系统方案

根据综合评价的目的及要求，建立了重庆主城区排水系统方案的评价体系，并用线性分配法对诸方案进行了综合评价。     

Adsorption performance of CMK-3 and C-FDU-15 in NO removal at low temperature

CMK-3 and C-FDU-15 samples were synthesized using hard-templating and evaporationinduced self-assembly(EISA) methods,respectively.The pore structures of CMK-3 and CFDU-15 as well as commercial activated carbon were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction,field emission scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and N_2 adsorption–desorption.Adsorption of NO was investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis,temperature-programmed desorption of NO + O_2,and in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results show that the CMK-3 and C-FDU-15 materials possessed ordered and uniform structures.The coadsorption capacity of NO and O_2 decreased in the sequence CMK-3(88.6 mg/g) C-FDU-15(71.7 mg/g) AC(25.3 mg/g).There were two main adsorption species on CMK-3 and CFDU-15:nitrite and nitrate.Nitrite is converted to nitrate easily.However,the adsorption species were more complex on AC,with nitrite being the main species.Moreover,CMK-3 and C-FDU-15 exhibit excellent regeneration efficiency compared with AC.The excellent NO adsorption performance of CMK-3 and C-FDU-15 was associated with their ordered mesoporous structures and high surface areas.The research provides more options for NO adsorption in the future.     

基于三层网络的SBR法深度脱氮智能控制系统的中试研究

以一座处理量为60m3·d-1的SBR法中试系统为研究对象,将三层网络智能控制技术引入SBR工艺中,并对该智能控制系统的深度脱氮效果和稳定性进行了中试研究.在SBR法硝化反硝化过程中,pH、DO、ORP曲线上会出现反映生物脱氮进程的特征点,以pH、DO、ORP为控制参数建立的智能控制策略可以准确判断反应的终点,避免了过度曝气,在保证深度脱氮的前提下节省了能耗.经过10个月的稳定运行,即使在温度较低的情况下,该SBR法智能控制中试系统出水的各项指标完全能够达到国家污水排放一级标准,并且达到了深度脱氮的效果,出水COD低于50 mg·L-1,总氮低于5 mg·L-1.     

草浆黑液中碱的扩散渗析回收与处理

研究采用扩散渗析法回收草浆黑液中的氢氧化钠,分别采用了离子交换膜和上海交通大学高分子研究所提供的疏水氟膜、亲水氟膜对草浆黑液进行处理。单位膜面积单位体积黑液下阴极室总碱量的增加用R表示。三种膜的R值分别为2.17×10-7mol/(mL·cm2)、9.20×10-8mol/(mL·cm2)、4.39×10-7mol/(mL·cm2)。可见亲水氟膜的扩散渗析效果最好。实验对原黑液及经亲水氟膜扩散渗析得到的稀碱液进行了质谱分析,结果显示只有一部分小分子有机物转移到蒸馏水一侧。从亲水氟膜处理前后的扫描电镜图可以看出亲水氟膜只有较轻微的污染。可见亲水氟膜有最好的扩散渗析效果和较好的使用寿命。     

Toluene removal characteristics by a superimposed wire-plate dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor

A superimposed wire-plate dielectric barrier discharge reactor was used to remove toluene in this study. The effects of oxygen content, gas flow rate, gas initial concentration and with/without catalyst on toluene decomposition were investigated. It was found that an optimal toluene removal was achieved when the oxygen content was about 5%. Under this condition, the highest toluene removal efficiency of 80.8% was achieved when the gas concentration was 80 mg/m^3. The toluene removal efficiency decreased with the increase of the gas flow rate and the initial concentration of toluene. In addition, the ozone concentration decreased with the increase of the initial concentration of toluene. It suggested that combining DBD （dielectric barrier discharge） with Co3O4/Al2O3/foam nickel catalyst in-situ could improve the toluene removal efficiency and suppress ozone formation. Products analysis showed that the main products were CO and CO2 when oxygen was more than 5%.     

我国农药废水的处理现状及发展趋势

随着我国农药产量的逐年提高，农药废水的处理形势也日益严峻，因此农药废水处理的新工艺、新方法成为科研工作者研究的热点。根据文献资料，概述了农药废水的种类、特点及其处理方法，主要包括物理法，化学法和生物化学法，以及近些年发展的磁分离法和超声波技术处理法，并叙述了目前我国有机磷、有机氯、有机硫等农药废水的处理现状及研究成果。同时指出了新技术、新工艺的研究及实行清洁生产制度将成为我国农药废水处理技术的发展趋势。     

红树林系统处理牲畜废水营养盐的研究

在2种盐度条件下（淡水与盐度30的人工海水）通过温室盆栽系统对比研究了2种主红树植物木榄和秋茄对牲畜废水的处理效应。牲畜废水的加入使植物体P含量增加1－4倍，N含量增加0.04-1.30倍。淡水条件 下秋茄和木榄系统N的处理效率分别为84.3%和95.5%，海水条件 下则为92.7%和98.0%，淡水条件下秋茄和木榄系统P的处理效率分别为79.2%和91.8%，海水条件下则为88.0%和97.8%，盐度对秋茄植物体N的去除无显著效应。2种植物体对P的处理效率为4％，远比N的处理效率低，废水来源的营养 盐大多被土壤去除。     

几种蔬菜汞富集能力的初步研究

对莴苣，木形、黄瓜，辣椒、豇豆，四季豆等６种夏季蔬菜汞吸收能力研究发现，在田间自然状上，６种蔬菜植株汞平均浓度为０．００３４７－０．００６３７ｍｇ／ｋｇ，其中总汞平均浓度最高，黄瓜最低；